Model Project Based Learning melalui Pendekatan STEM untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa SD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v8i4.4056Abstract
Kemampuan pemecahan masalah merupakan salah satu kompetensi fundamental di era revolusi industri 4.0. Pembelajaran dari berbagai jenjang pendidikan perlu berorientasi pada penguasaan kompetensi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa kelas VI SDN Cililitan 02 melalui penggunaan model Project Based Learning dengan pendekatan STEM. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan mengadopsi model Kemmis & McTaggart yang dilaksanakan selama dua siklus. Setiap siklus melalui empat tahapan yakni perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Adapun subjek penelitian ini melibatkan 32 siswa kelas VI SDN Cililitan 02. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2020-2021. Data hasil penelitian didapatkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan tes. Uji validitas data dilakukan dengan triangulasi teknik. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis interaktif model miles & hubberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa melalui implementasi model Project Based Learning melalui pendekatan STEM dimana hasil prasiklus menunjukkan rata-rata 43,52 pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 64,53 dan meningkat lagi pada siklus II menjadi 71,02.
Keywords:
project based learning, STEM, kemampuan pemecahan masalahDownloads
References
Afriana, J., Permanasari, A., & Fitriani, A. (2016). Project based learning integrated to stem to enhance elementary school’s students scientific literacy. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 5(2), 261–267. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v5i2.5493
Agustoni, A., Suratno, & Suparti. (2021). Development of science learning devices contexstual problem based learning (CPBL) based in improving problem solving skills for 4th grade elementary school. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1839(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1839/1/012029
Amalia, A., Sucipto, & Hilyana, F. S. (2022). Konsentrasi Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran IPA. Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA, 8(4), 1261–1268. https://doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v8i4.3120
Cvetković, B. N., & Stanojević, D. (2017). Educational needs of teacher for introduction and application of innovative models in educational work to improve teaching. International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education, 5(1), 49–56. https://doi.org/10.5937/IJCRSEE1701049N
Fiteriani, I., Diani, R., Hamidah, A., & Anwar, C. (2021). Project-based learning through STEM approach: Is it effective to improve students’ creative problem-solving ability and metacognitive skills in physics learning? IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1796(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1796/1/012058
Gestarini, E. K., Santyasa, I. wayan, & Kirna, I. M. (2018). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaram Sai,S Teknologi Masyarakat Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Dan Sikap Ilmiah Siswa. Jurnal Teknologi Pembelajaran Indonesia, 8(2), 19–31. https://doi.org/10.23887/jtpi.v8i2.2274
Gunawan, G., Harjono, A., Nisyah, M., Kusdiastuti, M., & Herayanti, L. (2020). Improving students’ problem-solving skills using inquiry learning model combined with advance organizer. International Journal of Instruction, 13(4), 427–442. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.13427a
Hafizah, E., Putri, R. F., & Annur, S. (2018). Hubungan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah. Seminar Nasional Pendidikan, 185¯ 189.
Hermansyah, H., Gunawan, G., Harjono, A., & Adawiyah, R. (2019). Guided inquiry model with virtual labs to improve students’ understanding on heat concept. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1153(012116), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1153/1/012116
Hikmawati, V. Y., & Ningsih, Y. S. (2020). Blended-problem based learning: critical thinking skills and information literacy in cell learning. Jurnal Bioedukatika, 8(2), 122. https://doi.org/10.26555/bioedukatika.v8i2.14315
Irwanto, Saputro, A. D., Rohaeti, E., & Prodjosantoso, A. K. (2018). Promoting critical thinking and Problem Solving Skills of Preservice Elementary Teachers through Process-Oriented Guided-Inquiry Learning (POGIL). International Journal of Instruction, 11(4), 777–794. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2018.11449a
Kurniawati, I., Raharjo, T. J., & Khumaedi. (2019). Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah untuk Mempersiapkan Generasi Unggul Menghadapi Tantangan Abad 21. Seminar Nasinal Pascasarjana, 21(2), 702.
Laboy-rush, D. (2010). Integrated STEM Education through game-Project-Based Learning. https://doi.org/10.51272/pmena.42.2020-381
Lieung, K. W., Rahayu, D. P., Fredy, & Sulili, A. (2019). The influence of scientific approach on environmental problem solving skills in elementary school students. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 343(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/343/1/012173
Maharani, F. I., & Montessori, M. (2020). Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Sekolah Dasar Menggunakan Model Problem Based Learning. Primary: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 9(April), 173–184.
Mashluhah, M. I., Prahani, B. K., Suryanti, S., & Jatmiko, B. (2019). The effectiveness of OrDeP2E learning model to train the natural science problem-solving skills of primary school students. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1157(2). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1157/2/022011
Masruroh, L., Dafik, & Suprapti. (2020). The analysis of the implementation of multi techniques based learning media in improving the elementary school students’ higher order thinking skill in solving exponential problem. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1563(1), 012063. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1563/1/012063
Midawati. (2022). Analisis Kesulitan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Pemecahan Masalah Berdasarkan Langkah Polya. Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA, 8(3), 831–837. https://doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v8i3.2589
Muyassaroh, I., & Nurpadilah, D. (2021). Implementasi Problem Based Learning dengan Pendekatan Saintifik Dalam Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Kelas IV SD. Dikoda: Jurnal Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar, 2(2), 23–31. https://jurnal.pelitabangsa.ac.id/index.php/JPGSD/article/view/994
Muyassaroh, I., Sunanto, L., & Kurnia, I. R. (2022). Upaya Peningkatan Literasi Sains Mahasiswa melalui Blended Collaborative Problem Based Learning Berbasis Multiple Representatives. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendas, 8(3), 915–931.
Muzana, S. R., Jumadi, Wilujeng, I., Yanto, B. E., & Mustamin, A. A. (2021). E-STEM project-based learning in teaching science to increase ICT literacy and problem solving. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 10(4), 1386–1394. https://doi.org/10.11591/IJERE.V10I4.21942
Nur, A. S., Kartono, K., Zaenuri, Z., & Rochmad, R. (2022). The learning trajectory construction of elementary school students in solving integer word problems. Participatory Educational Research, 9(1), 404–424. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.22.22.9.1
Nurhayati, Priatna, N., & Juandi, D. (2021). Improving students’ mathematical problem solving abilities through online project-based learning models with the STEM approach. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1806(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1806/1/012213
Nurmaliah, C., Azmi, T. N., Safrida, Khairil, & Artika, W. (2021). The impact of implementation of STEM integrating project-based learning on students’ problem-solving abilities. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1882(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1882/1/012162
Nurwulandari, I., & Rofiq, M. A. (2021). Developing HOTS-based Model to Improve Mathematical Problem Solving Skill of Elementary School Teacher Education (PGSD) Students. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1842(1), 012043. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1842/1/012043
OECD. (2019). PISA 2018 Results. In OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/g222d18af-en
Parno, Yuliati, L., Munfaridah, N., Ali, M., Rosyidah, F. U. N., & Indrasari, N. (2020). The effect of project based learning-STEM on problem solving skills for students in the topic of electromagnetic induction. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1521(2). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1521/2/022025
Prastiwi, M. D. (2018). Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah pada Siswa Kelas VII SMP. E-Journal-Pensa, 6(02), 98–103.
Purwaningsih, E., Sari, A. M., Yuliati, L., Masjkur, K., Kurniawan, B. R., & Zahiri, M. A. (2020). Improving the problem-solving skills through the development of teaching materials with STEM-PjBL (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics-project based learning) model integrated with TPACK (technological pedagogical content knowledge). Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1481(1), 0–7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1481/1/012133
Sarwi, S., Baihaqi, M. A., & Ellianawati, E. (2021). Implementation of Project Based Learning Based on STEM Approach to Improve Students’ Problems Solving Abilities. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1918(5). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1918/5/052049
Solihah, M., & Mashinta, A. (2019). Penggunaan Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Sekolah Dasar Pada Pembelajaran IPA. Elementary School, 6(1), 79–88.
Sumartini, T. S. (2017). Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika STKIP Garut, 5(2), 148–158. http://jurnal.upmk.ac.id/index.php/jumlahku/article/view/139
Supiyati, H., Hidayati, Y., Rosidi, I., Yuniasti, A., & Wulandari, R. (2019). Menggunakan Model Guided Inquiry Dengan Pendekatan Keterampilan Proses Sains Pada Materi Pencemaran. Natural Science Education Reseach, 2(1), 59–67.
Susanti, E., Maulidah, R., & Makiyah, Y. S. (2021). Analysis of problem-solving ability of physics education students in STEM-based project based learning. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2104(1), 0–6. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2104/1/012005
Tong, D. H., Loc, N. P., Uyen, B. P., & Truc, C. Le. (2020). A case study of developing students’ problem-solving skills through addressing real-world problems related to fractions in primary schools. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 9(2), 2809–2818.
Wan, Z. H., So, W. M. W., & Zhan, Y. (2022). Developing and Validating a Scale of STEM Project-Based Learning Experience. Research in Science Education, 52(2), 599–615. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-020-09965-3
Yayuk, E., Purwanto, As’Ari, A. R., & Subanji. (2020). Primary school students’ creative thinking skills in mathematics problem solving. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(3), 1281–1295. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.9.3.1281
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Izzah Muyassaroh, Septian Mukhlis, Agnestasia Ramadhani
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
An author who publishes in the Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA agrees to the following terms:
- Author retains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal
- The author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book) with the acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- The author is permitted and encouraged to post his/her work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work
