SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: HOW TEACHERS CULTIVATE CRITICAL THINKING CHARACTER DURING A PANDEMIC
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31949/jcp.v9i3.5092Abstract
Teachers still need help teaching students critical thinking skills. Several factors cause difficulties in instilling essential thinking skills, including the selection of models and methods and the need for more internet connection stability. The purpose of this study was to reveal (1) What are the learning methods for instilling critical thinking in Indonesian Elementary School during pandemic? (2) What critical thinking indicators are developed in the learning? (3) What are the results of the methods used in instilling critical thinking? The review method used in this paper was a systematic literature review. The search for articles on Google scholar used the help of the Publish or Perish application. The selection and screening stages were carried out by analyzing the article's title, keywords, abstract, background of the problem, author's question, and results and discussion. The results of this study showed that (1) Teachers used varied learning methods during the pandemic, such as e-learning, online classes, and blended learning. (2) The critical thinking indicators developed are formulating problems, analyzing, concluding, evaluating, building basic skills, providing a further explanation, and managing strategies. (3) The learning methods used during the pandemic can instill students' critical thinking characteristics based on several indicators. However, several learning methods still need help instilling critical thinking skills. In conclusion, in training critical thinking skills, several methods can instill students' necessary thinking skills, and some ways cannot instill students' critical thinking skills.
Guru masih kesulitan dalam mengajarkan keterampilan berpikir kritis dari siswa.Beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan kesulitan dalam menanamkan kemampuan berpikir kritis diantaranya yaitu pemilihan model, metode, dan kurang stabilnya koneksi internet yang digunakan. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengungkap 1. Bagaimana metode pembelajaran untuk penanaman karakter berpikir kritis di Indonesia selama masa pandemi 2. Indikator berpikir kritis apa yang dikembangkan dalam model pembelajaran 3. Apa hasil dari metode yang digunakan dalam menanamkan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Metode tinjauan yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah a systematic literature review. Pencarian artikel pada Google scholar menggunakan bantuan aplikasi Publish or perish, karena dengan menggunakan bantuan aplikasi tersebut akan memudahkan dalam mencari artikel. Tahapan seleksi dan penyaringan dilakukan dengan menganalisis judul artikel, kata kunci, abstrak, latar belakang masalah, pertanyaan penulis, serta hasil dan pembahasan. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Guru menggunakan metode pembelajaran yang bervariasi selama pandemi seperti, e-learning, online class, dan blended learning. (2) indikator berpikir kritis yang dikembangkan adalah merumuskan masalah, menganalisis, menyimpulkan mengevaluasi, membangun keterampilan dasar, memberikan penjelasan lanjut, dan mengatur strategi. (3) Metode pembelajaran yang digunakan selama masa pandemi ada yang dapat menanamkan karakter berpikir kritis siswa berdasarkan beberapa indikator berpikir kritis yang digunakan namun ada beberapa metode pembelajaran yang masih kesulitan untuk menanamkan kemampuan berpikir kritis. Kesimpulannya, dalam melatih kemampuan berpikir kritis ada beberapa metode yang dapat menanamkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dan ada juga metode yang tidak dapat menanamkan karakter kritis siswa.
Keywords:
critical thinking, character building, learning methodsDownloads
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