Pengaruh Dosis Herbisida Campuran Penoksulam Dan Pretilaklor Terhadap Gulma, Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Padi Sawah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31949/agrivet.v10i2.2886Abstract
Gulma adalah kendala biotik utama yang dapat mengakibatkan penurunan hasil gabah pada padi sawah. Teknik pengendalian secara kimia memberikan pengaruh yang cepat serta biaya yang lebih rendah sehingga lebih efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari dosis herbisida campuran yang efektif dalam menekan pertumbuhan gulma sehingga meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi sawah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-Desember 2021 di Desa Ciluncat, Kecamatan Cangkuang, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 7 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari; 5 dosis herbisida campuran Penoksulam 15 g/l + Pretilaklor 385 g/l (dengan dosis 1,00 l/ha, 1,50 l/ha, 2,00 l/ha, 2,50 l/ha, 3,00 l/ha), penyiangan manual, dan kontrol (tanpa penyiangan dan tanpa herbisida). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa herbisida campuran Penoksulam 15 g/l + Pretilaklor 385 g/l pada dosis 1,00 l/ha sampai dengan 3,00 l/ha efektif dalam menekan pertumbuhan gulma dominan Ludwigia octovalvis, Cyperus difformis, Fimbristylis miliacea, Ammania coccinea, Monochoria vaginalis, gulma lain, dan gulma total hingga 6 MSA serta tidak meracuni tanaman padi sawah. Seluruh dosis herbisida campuran menunjukkan pengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada 3 MSA, jumlah anakan pada 3 MSA dan 6 MSA, jumlah malai per rumpun, dan berat gabah kering giling sedangkan tinggi tanaman pada 6 MSA, jumlah bulir per malai, serta bobot 1000 butir tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata.
Keywords:
Gulma, Padi sawah,, Herbisida campuranDownloads
References
ABRAHAM, C. , & MENON, M. (2015). Efficacy of combination of penoxsulam and cyhalofop-butyl on weed management in wet-seeded rice. Proceedings 25th Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference. Hyderabad (India): Indian Society of Weed Science. hlm 41.
AFRIANTI, S., PARINDURI, S., & ADITYA, C. (2017). Efektivitas pencampuran herbisida glifosat dengan 2,4-D terhadap pengendalian gulma berdaun sempit dan berdaun lebar pada perkebunan kelapa sawit (Elaeis guinensis Jacq). Agroprimatech, 1(1), 1–9.
AGOSTINETTO, D., SOUZA, E. A., ANDRES, A., ULGUIM, A. R., SCHIMITZ, M. F., & GOULART, F. A. P. (2021). Period prior to interference of barnyardgrass is modified due to the spraying of cyhalofop-butyl alone or associated with penoxsulam in paddy rice crop. Advances in Weed Science, 39(1), 1-6.
ARTHANARI, M., GOWTHAMI, S., CHINNUSAMY, C., SATHYAPRIYA, R., & HARIHARASUDHAN, V. (2017). Effect of low dose early post emergence herbicide on growth and yield of transplanted rice crop. Chemical Science Review and Letters, 21(6), 231-236.
BADAN PUSAT STATISTIK. (2022). Berita Resmi Statistik 1 Maret 2022. Diperoleh dari: https://www.bps.go.id [diakses : 12 Maret 2022].
BAUCOM, R. S. (2019). Evolutionary and ecological insights from herbicide‐resistant weeds: what have we learned about plant adaptation, and what is left to uncover?. New Phytologist, 223(1), 68-82.
BHUIYAN, M. K ., & MAHBUB, M. (2017). Efficacy of pretilachlor 50 % + trisulfuran 2 % WP for control of annual weeds. Bangladesh J. WeedSci, 6(1&2), 7-15.
CHAUDHARY, P., VIVEK., NARESH, R. K., DHYANI, B. P., & CHANDRA, M. S. (2020). Effect of Weed Management Practices on Weed Dynamics, Growth, Yield and Yield Attributes of Rice (Oryza sativa L.). International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 21(19), 40-52.
CHAUHAN, B. S., & ABUGHO, S. B. (2012). Threelobe morningglory (Ipomoea triloba) germination and response to herbicides. Weed Science, 60(2), 199-204.
CHHOKAR, R. S., SHARMA, R. K., GILL, S. C., CHAUDHARY, A., & SINGH, R. K. (2019). Evaluation of flucetosulfuron and ready-mix of penoxsulam + bentazone as post-emergent weed control options in direct seeded and transplanted rice. Journal of Cereal Research, 11(3), 257-267.
DAHLIANAH, I. (2017). Komposisi dan struktur gulma padi di lahan pasang surut desa manggaraya kecamatan tanjung lago kabupaten banyuasin provinsi sumatera selatan. Klorofil, 12(2), 58-62.
DAMALAS, C. A. (2004). Herbicide tank mixtures : Common interactions. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 6(1), 209-212.
DARAMOLA, O. S., ADIGUN, J. A., & OLORUNMAIYE, P. M. (2020). Challenges of weed management in rice for food security in Africa: A review. Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica, 53(3), 107-115.
DODD, J., & HOLDEN, L. (2016). Weed management plan. City of Joondalup.
DUKE, S. O. (2015). Proving allelopathy in crop-weed interactions. Weed Science, 63(1), 121-132.
FAO. (2021). World food and agriculture statistical yearbook 2021. Rome Ed. Diperoleh dari: https://doi.org/10.4060/cb4477en [diakses : 12 Maret 2022]
HEAP, I. (2022). The international herbicide-resistant weed database. Diperoleh dari: www.weedscience.org
HIA, M. A. U. H., MOMINUL, A. K. M., SARKAR, S. K., & ANWAR, M. P. (2017). Effectiveness of integrated weed management in five varieties of aromatic rice in Bangladesh. Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 2(4), 308-314.
HOSSAIN, A., & MALIK, G. C. (2017). Herbicides combinations for control of complex weed flora in transplanted rice in lateritic belt of west bengal. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 49(3), 276-278.
KUNDU, R., MONDAL, R., GARAI, S., MONDAL, M., PODDAR, R., & BANERJEE, S. (2020). Weed management efficiency of post emergence herbicides in direct seeded rice and their residuality on soil microorganisms. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 8(3), 276-286.
KURNIADIE, D., WIDIANTO, R., WIDAYAT, D., UMIYATI, U., & NASAHI, C. (2021). Confirmation of resistance Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. f.) C. Presl from West Java and Lampung Indonesia to bensulfuron-methyl herbicide. Journal of Plant Protection Research, 61(2), 139-144.
KUSMIADI, R., ONA, C., & SAPUTRA, E. (2015). Pengaruh jarak tanam dan waktu penyiangan terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi bawang merah (Allium salonicum L.) pada lahan ultisol di kabupaten bangka. Jurnal Pertanian Dan Lingkungan, 8(2), 63-71.
LESTARI, A. T., KARTAHADIMAJA, J., & HAKIM, N. A. (2017). Uji daya hasil empat galur padi generasi ke empat di lahan Politeknik Negeri Lampung. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan, 17(3), 165-169.
LHUNGDIM, J., DEVI, Y. S., DEVI, K. N., & CHANU, Y. B. (2019). Influence of weed control techniques and establishment method on yield and economics of rainfed lowland rice. Journal of Crop and Weed, 15(1), 121-126.
MAMYRKO, Y. V., BUSHNEV, A. S., & KRIVOSHLYKOV, K. M. (2022). Effectiveness of herbicide tank mixtures with Sekator Turbo and graminicides on oil flax. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 979(1), 1-6.
MANIK, S. E. (2019). Uji resistensi gulma Eleusine indica terhadap penggunaan herbisida berbahan aktif glyphosate. Agriland, 7(1), 33-38.
MANISANKAR, G., RAMESH, T., & RATHIKA, S. (2021). Effect of different weed management practices on nutrient removal, nutrient uptake and grain yield of transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.) under sodic soil ecosystem. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 10(5), 378-389.
MUKHERJEE, D. (2006). Weed management strategy in rice - a review. Agricultural Reviews, 27(4), 247-257.
OMARA, A. E. D., & EL-GHANDOR, A. (2018). Effect of thiobencab and penoxsulam herbicides on soil microbial population and weed control in transplanted rice. Global Advanced Research Journal of Microbiology, 7(5), 84-94.
PAIMAN. (2020). Gulma tanaman pangan. 1st ed. UPY Press: Yogyakarta.
PASWAN, A. K., KUMAR, R., KUMAR, P., & SINGH, R. K. (2012). Influence of metsulfuron–methyl and carfentrazone-ethyl either alone or in combination on weed flora, crop growth and yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Madras Agricultural Journal, 99(7-9), 560-562.
RAHMAN, M. (2016). Herbicidal weed control: benefits and risks. Advances in Plants & Agriculture Research, 4(5), 371-372.
RAMESHA, Y., BHANUVALLY, M., GADDI, A., KRISHAMURTHY, D., & UMESH, M. (2017). Efficacy of herbicides against weeds in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 18(1), 1-8.
ROSALINA, E., & NIRWANTO, Y. (2021). Pengaruh takaran pupuk fosfor (P) terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil beberapa varietas tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.). Media Pertanian, 6(1), 45-59.
SCHAEDLER, C. E., NOLDIN, J. A., EBERHARDT, D. S., AGOSTINETTO, D., & BURGOS, N. R. (2013). Globe fringerush (Fimbristylis miliacea) cross resistance to als-inhibitor herbicides under field conditions in irrigated rice in the south of Brazil. Planta Daninha, 31(4), 893-902.
SEKHAR, L., AMEENA, M., & JOSE, N. (2020). Herbicides and herbicide combinations for management of Leptochloa chinensis in wet-seeded rice. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 52(3), 211-216.
SINGH, A., SINGH, A. K., & SINGH, S. . (2020). Relative efficacy of herbicides for weed control in rice: A review. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 9(2), 2375-2382.
SINGH, R. P., MUKHERJEE, D., SINGH, R. K., & SINHA, A. K. (2003). Bioefficacy of herbicides in late-sown wheat (Triticum aestivum). Indian Journal of Agronomy, 48(3), 196-198.
SINGH, V., SINGH, S., PRATAP, T., JOSHI, V., KUMAR, A., TRIPATHI, N., BANGA, A., & BISHT, N. (2016). Efficacy of ready mix of penoxsulam and cyhalofop-butyl for weed control in transplanted rice. The Ecoscan, 10(1 & 2), 217-221.
SRINITHAN, T., ARIVUKKARASU, K., SIVASAKTHIVELAN, P., & IMMANUEL, R. R. (2021). Evaluation of early post-emergence herbicide application on weed control, crop growth and nutrient uptake in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa). Plant Archives, 21(1), 2542-2544.
SUDHANA, A., KAWURYAN, S. H. E., & PADMINI, O. S. (2018). Pengaruh aplikasi herbisida dan PGPR dalam pengendalian gulma untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman padi sawah. Inovasi Pangan Lokal Untuk Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan, 15-21.
SURIA, A. S. M. J., JURAIMI, A. S., RAHMAN, M. M., MAN, A. B., & SELAMAT, A. (2011). Efficacy and economics of different herbicides in aerobic rice system. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(41), 8007-8022.
SYAIFUDIN, A., & NOFA, F. A. (2020). Jenis-jenis gulma padi (Oryza sativa L.) di lahan pertanian desa terban kecamatan warungasem kabupaten batang provinsi jawa tengah. Jurnal Biologica Samudra, 2(2), 128-136.
TAGOUR, R. M. H., SOLIMAN, I. E., & MOUSA, R. A. (2016). Effect of preceding winter crops and herbicidal combinations on weeds, yield and econemic feasability of broadcast-seeded rice productivity. Journal Plant Production, 7(5), 501-510.
TRAVLOS, I., PRADO, R., CHACHALIS, D., & BILALIS, D. J. (2020). Herbicide resistance in weeds: early detection, mechanisms, dispersal, new insights and management issues. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 8(7), 1-5.
UMIYATI, U. (2005). Sinergisme campuran herbisida klomazon dan metribuzin terhadap gulma. Agrijati, 1(1), 1-5.
VENCILL, W. (2002). Herbicide Handbook. 8th Ed. Champaign: Weed Science Society of America.
VLADIMIROV, V., DELCHEVA, M., GEORGIEV, V., TSONEVA, S., & GUSSEV, C. (2017). Ammannia coccinea Rottb. (Lythraceae): The first report for the bulgarian alien flora. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 69(9), 39-42.
VRBNIČANIN, S., PAVLOVIĆ, D., & BOŽIĆ, D. (2017). Herbicide Resistance in Weeds and Crops. Intech.
WAHYUDDIN, A., RIADI, M., & RIDWAN, I. (2015). Respon tiga varietas padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada berbagai sistem tanam legowo. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Agrokompleks, 1(2), 45-55.
WINARSIH, S. (2020). Mengenal Gulma. Alprin: Semarang.
YA, P., BARIUAN, J. V., CRUZ, P. C. S., PANGGA, G. V., & KHAY, S. (2020). Response of lowland weeds and direct-seeded lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) to varying herbicide and surfactant dose mixtures. Journal of Research in Weed Science, 3(3), 270-280.
YADAV, S., YADAV, R. B., CHUHAN, S. S., KUMAR, R., & KUMAR, V. (2020). Efficacy of different herbicides and its combination against the weed flora of transplanted rice. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 9(8), 2057-2068.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Yayan Sumekar, Dedi Widayat
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
An author who publishes in the Jurnal Agrivet agrees to the following terms:
- Author retains the copyright and grants the journal the right of first publication of the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal
- The author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book) with the acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- The author is permitted and encouraged to post his/her work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of the published work
