ANAPHORIC AND CATAPHORIC REFERENCES IN EFL TEXTBOOK

Abstract

This research aims to find the types of references that are mostly depicted and the types of anaphoric reference is widely used in reading text from English textbook. The researcher analyzed the data using anaphoric and cataphoric reference theories from Halliday and Matthiessen (2014) to find the types of references that are mostly depicted and also used theories from Mitkov (2013) to find the types of anaphoric references is widely used in recount text from the Bahasa Inggris textbook. This research uses the critical discourse analysis method. The object of this analysis is recount text from Bahasa Inggris textbook for the 10^th grade students of senior high school, written by Utami Widiati, Zuliati Rohmah, and Furaidah, published by the Ministry of Education and Culture. This study employed document analysis in collecting data. The result showed that the types of references that are depicted in the recount text is anaphoric references. There were 29 sentences referring to anaphoric references and only 4 sentences referring to cataphoric references. The types of anaphoric references is widely used in recount text is pronominal anaphora.

Keyword: anaphoric, cataphoric, references, english textbook